使用 YAMNet 進行聲音分類

在 TensorFlow.org 上檢視

在 Google Colab 中執行

在 GitHub 上檢視

下載筆記本

查看 TF Hub 模型

YAMNet 是一個深度網路，可預測 521 個音訊事件類別，這些類別來自它所訓練的 AudioSet-YouTube 語料庫。它採用 Mobilenet_v1 深度可分離卷積架構。

import tensorflow as tf
import tensorflow_hub as hub
import numpy as np
import csv

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from IPython.display import Audio
from scipy.io import wavfile

從 TensorFlow Hub 載入模型。

# Load the model.
model = hub.load('https://tfhub.dev/google/yamnet/1')

2024-03-09 14:52:27.405707: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_driver.cc:282] failed call to cuInit: CUDA_ERROR_NO_DEVICE: no CUDA-capable device is detected

標籤檔案將從模型的資產載入，且位於 model.class_map_path()。您將在 class_names 變數上載入它。

# Find the name of the class with the top score when mean-aggregated across frames.
def class_names_from_csv(class_map_csv_text):
  """Returns list of class names corresponding to score vector."""
  class_names = []
  with tf.io.gfile.GFile(class_map_csv_text) as csvfile:
    reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile)
    for row in reader:
      class_names.append(row['display_name'])

  return class_names

class_map_path = model.class_map_path().numpy()
class_names = class_names_from_csv(class_map_path)

新增一個方法來驗證和轉換載入的音訊是否為正確的取樣率 (16K)，否則會影響模型的結果。

def ensure_sample_rate(original_sample_rate, waveform,
                       desired_sample_rate=16000):
  """Resample waveform if required."""
  if original_sample_rate != desired_sample_rate:
    desired_length = int(round(float(len(waveform)) /
                               original_sample_rate * desired_sample_rate))
    waveform = scipy.signal.resample(waveform, desired_length)
  return desired_sample_rate, waveform

下載和準備聲音檔案

您將在此處下載 wav 檔案並聆聽。如果您已有可用的檔案，只需將其上傳到 Colab 並改為使用它即可。

curl -O https://storage.googleapis.com/audioset/speech_whistling2.wav

% Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  153k  100  153k    0     0  1220k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 1220k

curl -O https://storage.googleapis.com/audioset/miaow_16k.wav

% Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  210k  100  210k    0     0  1913k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 1913k

# wav_file_name = 'speech_whistling2.wav'
wav_file_name = 'miaow_16k.wav'
sample_rate, wav_data = wavfile.read(wav_file_name, 'rb')
sample_rate, wav_data = ensure_sample_rate(sample_rate, wav_data)

# Show some basic information about the audio.
duration = len(wav_data)/sample_rate
print(f'Sample rate: {sample_rate} Hz')
print(f'Total duration: {duration:.2f}s')
print(f'Size of the input: {len(wav_data)}')

# Listening to the wav file.
Audio(wav_data, rate=sample_rate)

Sample rate: 16000 Hz
Total duration: 6.73s
Size of the input: 107698
/tmpfs/tmp/ipykernel_101715/2211628228.py:3: WavFileWarning: Chunk (non-data) not understood, skipping it.
  sample_rate, wav_data = wavfile.read(wav_file_name, 'rb')

wav_data 需要標準化為 [-1.0, 1.0] 範圍內的值 (如模型文件中所述)。

waveform = wav_data / tf.int16.max

執行模型

現在是簡單的部分：使用已準備好的資料，您只需呼叫模型並取得：分數、嵌入和頻譜圖。

分數是您將使用的主要結果。頻譜圖將用於稍後進行一些視覺化。

# Run the model, check the output.
scores, embeddings, spectrogram = model(waveform)

scores_np = scores.numpy()
spectrogram_np = spectrogram.numpy()
infered_class = class_names[scores_np.mean(axis=0).argmax()]
print(f'The main sound is: {infered_class}')

The main sound is: Animal

視覺化

YAMNet 也傳回一些額外資訊，我們可以將其用於視覺化。讓我們看看波形、頻譜圖和推斷出的最熱門類別。

plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

# Plot the waveform.
plt.subplot(3, 1, 1)
plt.plot(waveform)
plt.xlim([0, len(waveform)])

# Plot the log-mel spectrogram (returned by the model).
plt.subplot(3, 1, 2)
plt.imshow(spectrogram_np.T, aspect='auto', interpolation='nearest', origin='lower')

# Plot and label the model output scores for the top-scoring classes.
mean_scores = np.mean(scores, axis=0)
top_n = 10
top_class_indices = np.argsort(mean_scores)[::-1][:top_n]
plt.subplot(3, 1, 3)
plt.imshow(scores_np[:, top_class_indices].T, aspect='auto', interpolation='nearest', cmap='gray_r')

# patch_padding = (PATCH_WINDOW_SECONDS / 2) / PATCH_HOP_SECONDS
# values from the model documentation
patch_padding = (0.025 / 2) / 0.01
plt.xlim([-patch_padding-0.5, scores.shape[0] + patch_padding-0.5])
# Label the top_N classes.
yticks = range(0, top_n, 1)
plt.yticks(yticks, [class_names[top_class_indices[x]] for x in yticks])
_ = plt.ylim(-0.5 + np.array([top_n, 0]))

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